All Red Hat Linux documents are copyrighted to Red Hat Inc.

Chapter 3. File System Structure

3.1. Why Share a Common Structure?

An operating system's file system structure is its most basic level of organization. Almost all of the ways an operating system interacts with its users, applications, and security model are dependent upon the way it stores its files on a storage device. It is crucial for a variety of reasons that users, as well as programs, be able to refer to a common guideline to know where to read and write files.

A file system can be seen in terms of two different logical categories of files:

  • Shareable vs. unsharable files

  • Variable vs. static files

Shareable files are those that can be accessed by various hosts; unsharable files are not available to any other hosts. Variable files can change at any time without any intervention; static files, such as read-only documentation and binaries, do not change without an action from the system administrator or an agent that the system administrator has placed in motion to accomplish that task.

The reason for looking at files in this manner is to help correlate the function of the file with the permissions assigned to the directories which hold them. The way in which the operating system and its users interact with a given file determines the directory in which it is placed, whether that directory is mounted read-only or read-write, and the level of access each user has to that file. The top level of this organization is crucial, as the access to the underlying directories can be restricted or security problems may manifest themselves if the top level is left disorganized or without a widely-used structure.

However, having a structure does not mean very much unless it is a standard. Competing structures can actually cause more problems than they fix. Because of this, Red Hat has chosen the the most widely-used file system structure and extended it only slightly to accommodate special files used within Red Hat Linux.

© Copyright 2003-2023 www.php-editors.com. The ultimate PHP Editor and PHP IDE site.